Detecting circular Unruh effect with quantum entanglement

We show that the asymptotic state of a quantum system composed of two atoms in circular motion in vacuum can be entangled when the angular velocity and the radius of the orbit are appropriate. The asymptotic entanglement as a result of centripetal acceleration is initial-state independent and can be viewed as a manifestation of the circular version of the Unruh effect. Based on this phenomenon, we propose an optomechanical setup to detect the circular Unruh effect with the state-of-the-art technologies.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

Identification of potential biomarkers to differentially diagnose solid pseudopapillary tumors and pancreatic malignancies via a gene regulatory network

Additional file 1: In-degree distribution for GRN. X-axis represents the in-degree for a certain node. A node of in-degree x means that this node is regulated by a total number of x other nodes. Y-axis represents the total number of network nodes which has an in-degree of x. The red curve was the fitting to the power law distribution. (A): The in-degree distribution for sub-GRN in which only miRNAs are included as regulators and the in-degree for each node (miRNAs and protein coding genes) was calculated in this sub-GRN. The in-degree ranges from 0 to 27. (B): In-degree distribution for sub-GRN in which only TFs are included as regulators

Consensus control of multi-agent systems

published_or_final_versionMechanical EngineeringDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph

Minimal lower eyelid epicanthoplasty combined with thermal contraction to treat epiblepharon in chinese children

Abstract Background To evaluate the clinical efficacy of combined minimal lower eyelid epicanthoplasty and thermal contraction for epiblepharon repair in Chinese children. Methods Between January 2017 and August 2020, a single surgeon corrected epiblepharon in Chinese children using minimal lower eyelid epicanthoplasty combined with thermal contraction. First, a minimal epicanthoplasty flap to balance the lower eyelid was made cross the lower eyelid epicanthus, which connected with a 20-mm-long incision 1.5 mm below the lower eyelid margin. After removing the hypertrophic orbicularis oculi muscle running between the lower epicanthal fold and the medial canthal tendon, thermal cauterization was applied to increase lower eyelid rotation by creating adhesions between the lower eyelid retractor and tarsus. The residual medial edge was sutured to the corner of the epicanthus to decrease the lower eyelid epicanthus. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 3 to 24 months. We retrospectively analyzed cases to determine whether this approach decreased the lower eyelid epicanthal fold to equalize the tension of the lower eyelid. The surgical outcomes including the direction of lower eyelid eyelashes, complications, and refractive errors were evaluated. Results Data from each eye of 53 Chinese children (29 female, 24 males; mean age: 5.3 ± 2.3 years) who had undergone minimal lower eyelid epicanthoplasty combined with thermal contraction were included. During follow-up, recurrence was observed in just one of the 106 eyes (0.94%), and two eyes (1.89%) showed under-correction. No visible scars formed in the postoperative period. All patients’ parents were satisfied with the cosmetic results and had no serious complaints. The mean astigmatism was significantly reduced by the surgery from 1.82 ± 0.45 diopters (D) preoperatively to 1.43 ± 0.36 D postoperatively (P < 0.05). Conclusion This surgery is easy to design, time-efficient, and is effective in the correction of epiblepharon. The procedure allows surgeons to achieve good appearance and natural eyelid contour without apparent complications

Formation process of thermal damage in a target area of high intensity focused ultrasound and effectiveness analysis of B-ultrasound real-time monitoring

High intensity of focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an effective tumor therapy, taking advantage of the thermal effect and cavitation effect to generate thermal damage to the target tissue. However, inaccurate ultrasonic dose control may result in ineffective or excessive treatment. Thus, real-time monitoring of the thermal damage formation process is critical. To evaluate the effectiveness of real-time monitoring of B-ultrasound, ex-vivo bovine livers were irradiated by 1.155 MHz focused ultrasound with emission time T1 of 200 ms and interval time T2 of 200 ms. For orthogonal experiments, ultrasound was irradiated at sound power of 100 W, 125 W, and 150 W for 10 s, 20 s, and 40 s, respectively. B-ultrasound image sequences are collected using a 7.5 MHz linear array and compared with backscattered echo signals and thermal damage slices, respectively, to build relationships between B-mode ultrasound monitoring and thermal effect or cavitation effect. The experimental results demonstrated that the tissue ablation process caused by thermal effect cannot be effectively monitored using B-ultrasound, but the process caused by the cavitation effect can. The analysis revealed a strong temporal correlation between the appearance of bright spots in B-ultrasound images and the sudden increase of the scattered echo power spectrum, which were caused by a large number of micro-bubbles from cavitation. The damaged cavity structure of the slices and the development trend of micro-bubbles showed a strong spatial correlation. Furthermore, the sudden increase in the scattered echo signal shows the potential of early warning of cavitation, as it is 1.2–2.0 s ahead of the bright spot in the B-ultrasound image, laying the experimental basis for improving the effectiveness of B-ultrasound monitoring in clinical HIFU surgery

Is Peri-Operative Steroid Replacement Therapy Necessary for the Pituitary Adenomas Treated with Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis

<div><p>Background</p><p>Patients with pituitary adenomas usually receive “stress dose” steroids in the peri-operative peroids. Though randomized controlled trials(RCT) have not been performed to assess the necessity of steroid coverage, there are several studies that explained the changes of adrenal function during peri-operative peroids. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether it is necessary to employ conventional peri-operative glucocorticoid replacement therapy to all the patients undergoing surgery.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We searched studies addressing peri-operative steroids coverage for pituitary adenomas in the Web of Science, Medline and the Cochrane Library. Then we extracted studies about peri-operative morning serum cortisol(MSC) levels, morbidity of early postoperative adrenal insufficiency, postoperative diabetes insipidus, relationships between MSC levels and adrenal integrity. We used RevMan Software to combine the results for meta-analysis. We used fixed-effects models for there was no significant heterogeneity existed.</p><p>Findings</p><p>There are 18 studies from 11 countries published between 1987 and 2013 including 1224 patients. The postoperative serum cortisol levels were significantly increased compared with the preoperative one in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPAA) functions preserved patients(P<0.00001). The morbidity of early postoperative adrenal insufficiency ranged from 0.96% to 12.90%, with the overall morbidity of 5.55%(41/739). There was no significant differences of early postoperative diabetes insipidus between no supplementation patients and in supplementation patients(P=0.82). Conversely, there may be some disadvantages of high levels of cortisols such as high incidence of osteopenia and bone derangement and even the increased mortality rate. The patients with MSC levels of less than 60 nmol/l at 3 days after operation is considered as adrenal insufficient and more than 270 nmol/l as adrenal sufficient. To patients with MSC levels of 60–270 nmol/l, we need more clinical data to establish further cortisol supplementation criteria.</p></div

The morbidity of postoperative early adrenal insufficiency in patients with normal preoperative MSC levels.

<p>The morbidity of postoperative early adrenal insufficiency in patients with normal preoperative MSC levels.</p

Overview of 18 included studies.

<p><b>Abbreviation</b>: M(Age distribution column): Mean age; GH: Growth Hormone secreting adenomas; PRL: Prolactin secreting adenomas; NF: Non functioning adenomas</p><p>Overview of 18 included studies.</p